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We recommend checking out the introductory section to understand the basics of direct charge first. This guide assumes you’ve read that.

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Charging bank accounts

Direct account charge allows you to collect payments directly from your customers’ bank accounts. There are three “flavours” of direct bank account charges, depending on the bank account’s currency/country:
  1. Direct debit (for Nigerian accounts): The customer authorizes the payment with their bank, and the money is debited from their account.
  2. UK (GBP accounts): The customer logs in to their bank’s Internet/mobile banking and makes a transfer to a generated bank account.
  3. ACH payment (for USD and ZAR accounts).
This guide covers ACH payments. See the guides for NG accounts and UK accounts.
Approval RequiredTo receive payments from US accounts, your merchant account needs to be approved. Contact us at hi@flutterwavego.com for approval.

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The Process

To charge a bank account in the US or South Africa:
  1. You send the payment details to the charge endpoint.
  2. The customer then makes the transfer from their bank’s Internet banking platform, and we notify you when it’s done.
  3. You can then call our API to verify that the payment was successful before giving value (the verify transaction endpoint).
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Initiating the Payment

To initiate the charge, you’ll need to specify amount, currency, email, and a unique tx_ref. You can also specify additional information like customer’s phone_number and custom meta information.
Selecting Supported Currencies and BanksThis payment method only supports USD and ZAR payments.For South African ACH payments, you can specify the bank by passing sa_bank_code in your payment request. Please retrieve the correct bank code from the get banks endpoint.
Next, you’ll end these payment details to the charge via ACH endpoint. Here are some examples with our SDKs: 
// Install with: npm i flutterwave-node-v3

const Flutterwave = require('flutterwave-node-v3');
const flw = new Flutterwave(
	process.env.FLW_PUBLIC_KEY,
	process.env.FLW_SECRET_KEY
);
const payload = {
	amount: 250,
	currency: 'USD',
	email: 'user@example.com',
	tx_ref: this.generateTransactionReference(),
};
await flw.Charge.ach(payload);

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Handling the Response

If all goes well, you’ll get a response that looks like this: 
{
	"status": "success",
	"message": "Charge initiated",
	"data": {
		"id": 4962269,
		"tx_ref": "ACH1234567x01",
		"flw_ref": "FKYJ50811710276768063172919",
		"device_fingerprint": "62wd23423rq324323qew1",
		"amount": 100,
		"charged_amount": 100,
		"app_fee": 3.4,
		"merchant_fee": 0,
		"processor_response": "Request Accepted",
		"auth_model": "AUTH",
		"currency": "USD",
		"ip": "54.75.161.64",
		"narration": "Flutterwave Developers",
		"status": "pending",
		"auth_url": "https://mx-middleware.dev-flutterwave.com/transactions?reference=FKYJ50811710276768063172919",
		"payment_type": "account-ach-us",
		"fraud_status": "ok",
		"charge_type": "normal",
		"created_at": "2024-03-12T20:52:47.000Z",
		"account_id": 20937,
		"customer": {
			"id": 2006690,
			"phone_number": "0902620185",
			"name": "Yolande Aglaé",
			"email": "user@example.com",
			"created_at": "2023-03-21T14:22:25.000Z"
		},
		"meta": {
			"authorization": {
				"mode": "redirect",
				"redirect": "https://mx-middleware.dev-flutterwave.com/transactions?reference=FKYJ50811710276768063172919",
				"validate_instructions": ""
			}
		}
	}
}

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Completing the Payment

To complete the payment, the customer makes the transfer, typically from their bank’s Internet banking platform. When the payment is completed, we’ll send you a webhook notification. Here’s what that looks like:
Sample Webhook
{
	"event": "charge.completed",
	"data": {
		"id": 593416278,
		"tx_ref": "ref-1585230ew9v5050e8-abcdefg-10",
		"flw_ref": "ACH97785164701281024",
		"device_fingerprint": "N/A",
		"amount": 100,
		"currency": "ZAR",
		"charged_amount": 102.5,
		"app_fee": 2.5,
		"merchant_fee": 0,
		"processor_response": "Transaction cancelled by user",
		"auth_model": "AUTH",
		"ip": "54.154.184.168",
		"narration": "Globus Technologies",
		"status": "failed",
		"payment_type": "account",
		"created_at": "2022-03-11T15:33:30.000Z",
		"account_id": 82913,
		"customer": {
			"id": 223898841,
			"name": "Yemi Desola",
			"phone_number": "0902620185",
			"email": "user@flw.com",
			"created_at": "2020-09-17T13:07:36.000Z"
		},
		"account": {
			"account_name": "Yemi Desola",
			"account_number": "0000000000",
			"bank_code": "000"
		}
	},
	"meta_data": {},
	"event.type": "ACCOUNT_TRANSACTION"
}
In your webhook handler, you can then verify the payment and credit your customers with whatever they paid for. See our guide to transaction verification for details.